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#define LEDS 9
byte leds[] = {
5, 19, 17, // bottom
6, 1, 15, // middle
8, 21, 13 // top
};
#define ON true
#define OFF false
// variables for pattern timing
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
unsigned long millisInterval = 3
00;
// variables for software PWM
unsigned long currentMicros = micros();
unsigned long previousMicros = 0;
// this is the frequency of the sw PWM
// frequency = 1/(2 * microInterval)
unsigned long microInterval = 250;
const byte pwmMax = 100;
// fading (for the timing)
int fadeIncrement = 1;
// typedef for properties of each sw pwm pin
typedef struct pwmPins {
int pin;
int pwmValue;
bool pinState;
int pwmTickCount;
} pwmPin;
// create the sw pwm pins
// these can be any I/O pin
// that can be set to output!
const int pinCount = 9;
const byte pins[pinCount] = {
5, 19, 17, // bottom
6, 1, 15, // middle
8, 21, 13 // top
};
pwmPin myPWMpins[pinCount];
// function to "setup" the sw pwm pin states
// modify to suit your needs
// this creates an alternating fade pattern
void setupPWMpins() {
for (int index=0; index < pinCount; index++) {
myPWMpins[index].pin = pins[index];
// mix it up a little bit
// changes the starting pwmValue for odd and even
if (index % 2)
myPWMpins[index].pwmValue = 25;
else
myPWMpins[index].pwmValue = 75;
myPWMpins[index].pinState = ON;
myPWMpins[index].pwmTickCount = 0;
// unlike analogWrite(), this is necessary
pinMode(pins[index], OUTPUT);
}
}
void pwmFadePattern() {
// go through each sw pwm pin, and increase
// the pwm value. this would be like
// calling analogWrite() on each hw pwm pin
for (int index=0; index < pinCount; index++) {
myPWMpins[index].pwmValue += fadeIncrement;
if (myPWMpins[index].pwmValue > 100)
myPWMpins[index].pwmValue = 0;
}
}
void handlePWM() {
currentMicros = micros();
// check to see if we need to increment our PWM counters yet
if (currentMicros - previousMicros >= microInterval) {
// Increment each pin's counter
for (int index=0; index < pinCount; index++) {
// each pin has its own tickCounter
myPWMpins[index].pwmTickCount++;
// determine if we're counting on or off time
if (myPWMpins[index].pinState == ON) {
// see if we hit the desired on percentage
// not as precise as 255 or 1024, but easier to do math
if (myPWMpins[index].pwmTickCount >= myPWMpins[index].pwmValue) {
myPWMpins[index].pinState = OFF;
}
} else {
// if it isn't on, it is off
if (myPWMpins[index].pwmTickCount >= pwmMax) {
myPWMpins[index].pinState = ON;
myPWMpins[index].pwmTickCount = 0;
}
}
// could probably use some bitwise optimization here, digitalWrite()
// really slows things down after 10 pins.
digitalWrite(myPWMpins[index].pin, myPWMpins[index].pinState);
}
// reset the micros() tick counter.
digitalWrite(13, !digitalRead(13));
previousMicros = currentMicros;
}
}
void setup() {
setupPWMpins();
//pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// this is the magic for sw pwm
// need to call this anytime you
// have a long operation
handlePWM();
// check timer for fading pattern
// this would be the same
// if we used analogWrite()
currentMillis = millis();
if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= millisInterval) {
// moved to own funciton for clarity
pwmFadePattern();
// setup clock for next tick
previousMillis = currentMillis;
}
}

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