雪花由30顆LED打造,分為17個(gè)獨(dú)立的部分,由Arduino Nano控制。每組LED都可以用PWM調(diào)校,這樣就可以創(chuàng)作出夢(mèng)幻視覺效果。
01.jpg (44.85 KB, 下載次數(shù): 187)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
首先打印一個(gè)漂亮而簡(jiǎn)單的雪花,記住要讓它可以容納Arduino Nano。
02.jpg (39.21 KB, 下載次數(shù): 152)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
支撐結(jié)構(gòu)也用于走線,由0.8mm黃銅棒與錫焊接而成。我總共使用了2米的黃銅棒。這是對(duì)你的耐心和技巧的一次考驗(yàn)。
03.jpg (63.38 KB, 下載次數(shù): 144)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
首先,我通過彎曲一根黃銅棒并將兩端焊接在一起來構(gòu)建一個(gè)核心六邊形。通過在六邊形的頂部添加另外伸出6個(gè)黃銅棒,接地線完成,現(xiàn)在需要將LED的所有陰極引線焊接到其上以產(chǎn)生雪花圖案。棘手的部分是添加貼片LED,不妨使用紙板和雙面膠帶制作的夾具。
04.jpg (52.6 KB, 下載次數(shù): 143)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
接下來是在核心結(jié)構(gòu)下加入Arduino Nano,在其間要留出足夠的空間以滿足3層黃銅棒接線,這將連接微控制器引腳到所有LED陽極引線。這同樣需要極大的耐心。你不僅需要避免電線之間的短路,還要添加限流電阻并使其看起來不錯(cuò)。
05.jpg (72.27 KB, 下載次數(shù): 145)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
葉片LED分別連接到最近的Arduino輸出引腳。分支LED按兩個(gè)分組并連接到PWM引腳。核心LED也按兩個(gè)分組并連接到其余引腳。Arduino NANO只有18個(gè)輸出引腳,我需要一個(gè)引腳用于觸摸傳感器,這只留下17個(gè)引腳,因此兩對(duì)核心LED連接在一起形成一組4個(gè)。我使用220Ω電阻將每個(gè)引腳流過的電流限制在8mA左右。這意味著總共240mA,這對(duì)ATmega328芯片來說有點(diǎn)高,但它可以工作——安全最大值據(jù)說是200mA。 為了能夠與雪花相互作用,我添加了另一個(gè)黃銅棒來制作電容式觸摸傳感器。
06.jpg (59.41 KB, 下載次數(shù): 137)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
在焊接之前不要忘記隨時(shí)檢查所有二極管,如果開路或者反極性連接會(huì)很難更換它。
07.jpg (76.57 KB, 下載次數(shù): 145)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:16 上傳
電路原理圖如下:
09.png (75.39 KB, 下載次數(shù): 136)
下載附件
2019-4-4 00:18 上傳
Arduino源代碼:
- #include "SoftPWM.h"
- #include <ADCTouchSensor.h>
- byte edgeLedPins[] = {13, A4, A5, 2, 8, 12};
- byte middleLedPins[] = {10, 6, 3, 5, 9, 11};
- byte innerLedPins[] = {A2, A3, A1, 4, 7, A1};
- ADCTouchSensor touchSensor = ADCTouchSensor(A0, 1);
- void setup() {
- Serial.begin(115200);
- SoftPWMBegin();
- }
- byte animation = 0;
- long touchAt = 0;
- void loop() {
- switch (animation) {
- case 0:
- _fill(100);
- break;
- case 1:
- shinyAnimation();
- //fadingAnimation();
- break;
- case 2:
- circleAnimation();
- break;
- case 3:
- loopAnimation();
- break;
- case 4:
- fireworkAnimation();
- fireworkAnimation();
- fireworkAnimation();
- fireworkAnimation();
- fireworkAnimation();
- fireworkAnimation();
- animation ++;
- break;
- case 5:
- smileAnimation();
- break;
- default:
- animation = 0;
- break;
- }
- int touchValue = touchSensor.read();
- if (touchAt + 2000 < millis() && touchValue > 1000) {
- touchAt = millis(); // touch down, cold down timeout is 2s
- animation ++;
- _fill(0);
- }
- }
- void fireworkAnimation() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], 100);
- delay(100);
- }
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[4], 100);
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], 255);
- }
- delay(50);
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], 0);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], 255);
- }
- delay(50);
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], 0);
- }
- delay(50);
- _fill(0);
- }
- void smileAnimation() {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[1], 100);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[3], 100);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[0], 255);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[5], 255);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[2], 255);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[3], 255);
- delay(2000);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[1], 0);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[3], 0);
- delay(100);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[1], 100);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[3], 100);
- delay(100);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[1], 0);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[3], 0);
- delay(100);
- }
- byte circleState[] = {100, 55, 10};
- byte circleStateAnimation[] = {1, 1, 1};
- void circleAnimation() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
- if (circleState[i] >= 100) {
- circleStateAnimation[i] = -1; // dim
- }
- else if (circleState[i] <= 10) {
- circleStateAnimation[i] = 1; // bright
- }
- circleState[i] += circleStateAnimation[i];
- }
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], circleState[0]);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], circleState[1]);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], circleState[2]);
- }
- delay(5);
- }
- byte waveState[] = {100, 55, 10, 10, 55, 100};
- byte waveStateAnimation[] = {1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1};
- void waveAnimation() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- if (waveState[i] >= 100) {
- waveStateAnimation[i] = -1; // dim
- }
- else if (waveState[i] <= 10) {
- waveStateAnimation[i] = 1; // bright
- }
- waveState[i] += waveStateAnimation[i];
- }
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i+=2) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], waveState[0]);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], waveState[1]);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], waveState[2]);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i + 1], waveState[3]);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i + 1], waveState[4]);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i + 1], waveState[5]);
- }
- delay(10);
- }
- byte loopCounter = 0;
- byte loopState = 150;
- void loopAnimation() {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[loopCounter], loopState);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[loopCounter], loopState);
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[loopCounter], loopState);
- loopCounter = _nextIndex(loopCounter, 1);
- if (loopCounter == 0) {
- loopState = (loopState == 150 ? 0 : 150);
- }
- delay(100);
- }
- byte slowOnCounter = 0;
- byte slowOnState = 150;
- void slowOnAnimation() {
- byte randomLed = random(0, 18);
- if (randomLed < 6) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[randomLed], slowOnState);
- }
- else if (randomLed < 12) {
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[randomLed - 6], slowOnState);
- }
- else {
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[randomLed - 12], slowOnState);
- }
- slowOnCounter ++;
- if (slowOnCounter >= 50) {
- slowOnCounter = 0;
- slowOnState = (slowOnState == 150 ? 0 : 150);
- }
- delay(50);
- }
- byte shinyState[] = {0, 100, 0, 100, 0, 100};
- byte shinyStateAnimation[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
- byte shinyCounter = 0;
- void shinyAnimation() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- if (shinyState[i] >= 100) {
- shinyStateAnimation[i] = -1; // dim
- }
- else if (shinyState[i] <= 0) {
- shinyStateAnimation[i] = 1; // bright
- }
- shinyState[i] += shinyStateAnimation[i];
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], shinyState[i]);
- }
- shinyCounter ++;
- if (shinyCounter > 10) {
- shinyCounter = 0;
- for (byte r = random(1, 3); r > 0; r--) {
- byte randomLed = random(0, 12);
- if (randomLed < 6) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[random(0, 6)], 255);
- }
- else {
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[random(0, 6)], 255);
- }
- }
- }
- else {
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], 20);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], 20);
- }
- }
- delay(30);
- }
- byte fadingState[] = {0, 100, 0, 100, 0, 100};
- byte fadingStateAnimation[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
- void fadingAnimation() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- if (fadingState[i] >= 100) {
- fadingStateAnimation[i] = -1; // dim
- }
- else if (fadingState[i] <= 0) {
- fadingStateAnimation[i] = 1; // bright
- }
- fadingState[i] += fadingStateAnimation[i];
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], fadingState[i]);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[_nextIndex(i, 1)], fadingState[i]);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], 50);
- }
- delay(20);
- }
- void _fill(byte value) {
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- SoftPWMSet(edgeLedPins[i], value);
- SoftPWMSet(middleLedPins[i], value);
- SoftPWMSet(innerLedPins[i], value);
- }
- }
- byte _prevIndex(short index, byte step) {
- index -= step;
- while (index < 0) {
- index += 6;
- }
- return index;
- }
- byte _nextIndex(short index, byte step) {
- index += step;
- while (index > 5) {
- index -= 6;
- }
- return index;
- }
復(fù)制代碼
|