我們常用的二極管可分為整流二極管、穩(wěn)壓二極管、肖特基二極管、發(fā)光二極管等。
整流二極管是利用二極管單向?qū)щ娦裕梢园逊较蚪惶孀兓慕涣麟娮儞Q成單一方向的脈動直流電。整流二極管具有明顯的單向?qū)щ娦?硅整流二極管的反向擊穿電壓高，反向漏電流小，高溫性能良好，但工作頻率不高，一般在幾十千赫茲以下，整流二極管主要用于各種低頻整流電路。
型 號 | 反向峰值電壓 | 額定整流電流 | 正向浪涌電流 | 正向壓降 | 反向電流 | 工作頻率 | 1N4000 1N4001 1N4002 1N4003 1N4004 1N4005 1N4006 1N4007 | 25 V 50 V 100 V 200 V 400 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 1 A | 30 A | ≤ 1 V | ＜ 5 uA | 3 KHz | 1N5100 1N5101 1N5102 1N5103 1N5104 1N5105 1N5106 1N5107 1N5108 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 1.5 A | 75 A | ≤ 1 V | ＜ 5 uA | 3 KHz | 1N5200 1N5201 1N5202 1N5203 1N5204 1N5205 1N5206 1N5207 1N5208 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 2 A | 100 A | ≤ 1 V | ＜ 10 uA | 3 KHz | 1N5400 1N5401 1N5402 1N5403 1N5404 1N5405 1N5406 1N5407 1N5408 | 50 V 100 V 200 V 300 V 400 V 500 V 600 V 800 V 1000 V | 3 A | 150 A | ≤ 0.8 V | ＜ 10 uA | 3 KHz |
穩(wěn)壓二極管也稱齊納二極管或反向擊穿二極管，在電路中起穩(wěn)定電壓作用。它是利用二極管被反向擊穿后，在一定反向電流范圍內(nèi)反向電壓不隨反向電流變化這一特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行穩(wěn)壓的。
1N系列穩(wěn)壓二極管參數(shù) | 型號 | 穩(wěn)定電壓 | 型號 | 穩(wěn)定電壓 | 型號 | 穩(wěn)定電壓 | 型號 | 穩(wěn)定電壓 | 1N4678 | 1.8 | 1N4729A | 3.6 | 1N5244 | 14 | 1N5991 | 4.3 | 1N4679 | 2 | 1N4730A | 3.9 | 1N5245 | 15 | 1N5992 | 4.7 | 1N4680 | 2.2 | 1N4731A | 4.3 | 1N5246 | 16 | 1N5993 | 5.1 | 1N4681 | 2.4 | 1N4732A | 4.7 | 1N5247 | 17 | 1N5994 | 5.6 | 1N4682 | 2.7 | 1N4733A | 5.1 | 1N5248 | 18 | 1N5995 | 6.2 | 1N4683 | 3 | 1N4734A | 5.6 | 1N5249 | 19 | 1N5996 | 6.8 | 1N4684 | 3.3 | 1N4735A | 6.2 | 1N5250 | 20 | 1N5997 | 7.5 | 1N4685 | 3.6 | 1N4736A | 6.8 | 1N5251 | 22 | 1N5998 | 8.2 | 1N4686 | 3.9 | 1N4737A | 7.5 | 1N5252 | 24 | 1N5999 | 9.1 | 1N4687 | 4.3 | 1N4738A | 8.2 | 1N5253 | 25 | 1N6000 | 10 | 1N4688 | 4.7 | 1N4739A | 9.1 | 1N5254 | 27 | 1N6001 | 11 | 1N4689 | 5.1 | 1N4740A | 10 | 1N5255 | 28 | 1N6002 | 12 | 1N4690 | 5.6 | 1N4741A | 11 | 1N5256 | 30 | 1N6003 | 13 | 1N4691 | 6.2 | 1N4742A | 12 | 1N5257 | 33 | 1N6004 | 15 | 1N4692 | 6.8 | 1N4743A | 13 | 1N5730 | 5.6 | 1N6005 | 16 | 1N4693 | 7.5 | 1N4744A | 15 | 1N5731 | 6.2 | 1N6006 | 18 | 1N4694 | 8.2 | 1N4745A | 16 | 1N5732 | 6.8 | 1N6007 | 20 | 1N4695 | 8.7 | 1N4746A | 18 | 1N5733 | 7.5 | 1N6008 | 22 | 1N4696 | 9.1 | 1N4747A | 20 | 1N5734 | 8.2 | 1N6009 | 24 | 1N4697 | 10 | 1N4748A | 22 | 1N5735 | 9.1 | 1N6010 | 27 | 1N4698 | 11 | 1N4749A | 24 | 1N5736 | 10 | 1N6011 | 30 | 1N4699 | 12 | 1N4750A | 27 | 1N5737 | 11 | 1N6012 | 33 | 1N4700 | 13 | 1N4751A | 30 | 1N5738 | 12 | 1N6013 | 36 | 1N4701 | 14 | 1N4752A | 33 | 1N5739 | 13 | 1N6014 | 39 | 1N4702 | 15 | 1N4753A | 36 | 1N5740 | 15 | 1N6015 | 43 | 1N4703 | 16 | 1N4754A | 39 | 1N5741 | 16 | 1N6016 | 47 | 1N4704 | 17 | 1N4755A | 43 | 1N5742 | 18 | 1N6017 | 51 | 1N4705 | 18 | 1N4756A | 47 | 1N5743 | 20 | 1N6018 | 56 | 1N4706 | 19 | 1N4757A | 51 | 1N5744 | 22 | 1N6019 | 62 | 1N4707 | 20 | 1N4758A | 56 | 1N5745 | 24 | 1N6020 | 68 | 1N4708 | 22 | 1N4759A | 62 | 1N5746 | 27 | 1N6021 | 75 | 1N4709 | 24 | 1N4760A | 68 | 1N5747 | 30 | 1N6022 | 82 | 1N4710 | 25 | 1N4761A | 75 | 1N5748 | 33 | 1N6023 | 91 | 1N4711 | 27 | 1N5236 | 7.5 | 1N5749 | 36 | 1N6024 | 100 | 1N4712 | 28 | 1N5237 | 8.2 | 1N5750 | 39 | 1N6025 | 110 | 1N4713 | 30 | 1N5238 | 8.7 | 1N5985 | 2.4 | 1N6026 | 120 | 1N4714 | 33 | 1N5239 | 9.1 | 1N5986 | 2.7 | 1N6027 | 130 | 1N4715 | 36 | 1N5240 | 10 | 1N5987 | 3 | 1N6028 | 150 | 1N4716 | 39 | 1N5241 | 11 | 1N5988 | 3.3 | 1N6029 | 160 | 1N4717 | 43 | 1N5242 | 12 | 1N5989 | 3.6 | 1N6030 | 180 | 1N4728A | 3.3 | 1N5243 | 13 | 1N5990 | 3.9 | 1N6031 | 200 |
結(jié)構(gòu)原理
肖特基二極管是貴金屬（金、銀、鋁、鉑等）A為正極，以N型半導(dǎo)體B為負(fù)極，利用二者接觸面上形成的勢壘具有整流特性而制成的多屬-半導(dǎo)體器件。因為N型半導(dǎo)體中存在著大量的電子，貴金屬中僅有極少量的自由電子，所以電子便從濃度高的B中向濃度低的A中擴(kuò)散。顯然，金屬A中沒有空穴，也就不存在空穴自A向B的擴(kuò)散運(yùn)動。隨著電子不斷從B擴(kuò)散到A，B表面電子濃度表面逐漸降輕工業(yè)部，表面電中性被破壞，于是就形成勢壘，其電場方向為B→A。但在該電場作用之下，A中的電子也會產(chǎn)生從A→B的漂移運(yùn)動，從而消弱了由于擴(kuò)散運(yùn)動而形成的電場。當(dāng)建立起一定寬度的空間電荷區(qū)后，電場引起的電子漂移運(yùn)動和濃度不同引起的電子擴(kuò)散運(yùn)動達(dá)到相對的平衡，便形成了肖特基勢壘。
( b8 Z5 l2 _" r) M2 j;K) `
D&y
典型的肖特基整流管的內(nèi)部電路結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。它是以N型半導(dǎo)體為基片，在上面形成用砷作摻雜劑的N-外延層。陽極（阻檔層）金屬材料是鉬。二氧化硅（SiO2）用來消除邊緣區(qū)域的電場，提高管子的耐壓值。N型基片具有很小的通態(tài)電阻，其摻雜濃度較H-層要高100%倍。在基片下邊形成N+陰極層，其作用是減小陰極的接觸電阻。通過調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，可在基片與陽極金屬之間形成合適的肖特基勢壘，當(dāng)加上正偏壓E時，金屬A和N型基片B分別接電源的正、負(fù)極，此時勢壘寬度Wo變窄。加負(fù)偏壓-E時，勢壘寬度就增加。
PartNumber 型號 | SCHOTTKY BARRIERDIODE Main Electrical Characteristics主要電氣特性參數(shù) | Package封裝 | Maximum Peak Reverse Voltage PRVVPK 最大向
峰值電壓
(注1) | Maximum Average Rectified Current@Half-wave Resistive Load 60Hz IO @ TL AAV 最大平均整流電流 | Maximum Forward Peak Surge Current@8.3ms Superimposed IFM(Surge) APK 最大正向峰值浪涌電流 | Maximum Reverse Current @PRV @25oCTA IR μAdc 最大反向電流 | Maximum Forward Voltage @25℃ TAIFM APK 最大正向電壓(峰值電流) | Maximum Forward Voltage @25℃ TAVFM VPK 最大正向電壓(峰值電壓) | | 1N17 | 20 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.45 | R-1 | | 1N18 | 30 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.50 | | 1N19 | 40 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.60 | | 1N5817 | 20 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.450 | DO-41 | | 1N5818 | 30 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.550 | | 1N5819 | 40 | 1.0 | 25 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.600 | | 1N5820 | 20 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.475 | DO-201AD | | 1N5821 | 30 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.500 | | 1N5822 | 40 | 3.0 | 80 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.525 | | 1S20 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | R-1 | | 1S30 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | 1S40 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | 1S50 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | 1S60 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SB120 | 20 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-41 | | SB130 | 30 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SB140 | 40 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SB150 | 50 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SB160 | 60 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SB180 | 80 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SB1A0 | 100 | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.00 | | SB220 | 20 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-15 | | SB230 | 30 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SB240 | 40 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SB250 | 50 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SB260 | 60 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SB270 | 70 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SB280 | 80 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SB290 | 90 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SB2A0 | 100 | 2.0 | 60 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SB320 | 20 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | DO-201AD | | SB330 | 30 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | | SB340 | 40 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | | SB350 | 50 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | | SB360 | 60 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | | SB380 | 80 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.85 | | SB3A0 | 100 | 3.0 | 80 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.00 | | SB520 | 20 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | | SB530 | 30 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | | SB540 | 40 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.55 | | SB550 | 50 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.70 | | SB560 | 60 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.70 | | SB580 | 80 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.85 | | SB5A0 | 100 | 5.0 | 150 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 0.85 | | SB2100 | 100 | 2.0 | 50 | - | - | 0.85 | | SS12 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-214AC | | SS13 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SS14 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SS15 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SS16 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SS18 | 80 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SS110 | 100 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SK12 | 20 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | DO-214AA | | SK13 | 30 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SK14 | 40 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.55 | | SK15 | 50 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SK16 | 60 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.70 | | SK18 | 80 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SK110 | 100 | 1.0 | 30 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.85 | | SK22 | 20 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | | SK23 | 30 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | | SK24 | 40 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.55 | | SK25 | 50 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.70 | | SK26 | 60 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.70 | | SK28 | 80 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.85 | | SK210 | 100 | 2.0 | 50 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 0.85 | | SK32 | 20 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | | SK33 | 30 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | | SK34 | 40 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.55 | | SK35 | 50 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | | SK36 | 60 | 3.0 | 100 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 |
注1:選用時注意是指峰值電壓所說,不是有效值.
| 
QQ好友和群
QQ空間
騰訊微博
騰訊朋友
收藏
淘帖
頂
踩
