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本帖最后由 51黑黑黑 于 2016-3-4 01:49 編輯
;先在RAM中分配系統(tǒng)使用的棧，RAM的起始地址為0x2000_0000
;然后在RAM中分配變量使用的堆
;然后在CODE區(qū)(flash)分配中斷向量表，flash的起始地址為0x0800_0000，該中斷向量表就從這個(gè)起始地址開(kāi)始分配
;分配完成后，再定義和實(shí)現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的中斷函數(shù)，
;所有的中斷函數(shù)全部帶有[weak]特性，即弱定義，如果編譯器發(fā)現(xiàn)在別處文件中定義了同名函數(shù)，在鏈接時(shí)用別處的地址進(jìn)行鏈接。
;中斷函數(shù)僅僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了Reset_Handler,其他要么是死循環(huán)，要么僅僅定義了函數(shù)名稱
;STM32被設(shè)置為從內(nèi)部FLASH啟動(dòng)時(shí)（這也是最常見(jiàn)的一種情況），當(dāng)STM32遇到復(fù)位信號(hào)后，
;從0x0800_0000處取出棧頂?shù)刂反娣庞贛SP寄存器，從0x0800_0004處取出復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)入口地址放入PC寄存器，
;繼而執(zhí)行復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)程序Reset_Handler，
;Reset_Handler僅僅執(zhí)行了兩個(gè)函數(shù)調(diào)用,一個(gè)是SystemInit，另一個(gè)__main,
;SystemInit定義在system_stm32f10x.c中,主要初始化了STM的時(shí)鐘系統(tǒng):HSI,HSE,LSI,LSE,PLL,SYSCLK,USBCLK,APECLK等等.
;__main函數(shù)由編譯器生成，負(fù)責(zé)初始化棧、堆等，并在最后跳轉(zhuǎn)到用戶自定義的main()函數(shù)，來(lái)到C的世界。
Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 ;//定義堆棧大小
AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;//定義一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)段 按8字節(jié)對(duì)齊 ;AREA 偽指令用于定義一個(gè)代碼段或數(shù)據(jù)段 NOINIT：指定此數(shù)據(jù)段僅僅保留了內(nèi)存單元，而沒(méi)有將各初始值寫(xiě)入內(nèi)存單元，或者將各個(gè)內(nèi)存單元值初始化為0
Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ;//保留Stack_Size大小的堆�？臻g 分 配連續(xù) Stack_Size 字節(jié)的存儲(chǔ)單元并初始化為 0
__initial_sp ;//標(biāo)號(hào)，代表堆棧頂部地址，后面有用
; Heap Configuration
; Heap Size (in Bytes) <0x0-0xFFFFFFFF:8>
;
Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 ;//定義堆空間大小
AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;//定義一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)段，8字節(jié)對(duì)齊
__heap_base ;//標(biāo)號(hào)，代表堆末底部地址，后面有用
Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size ;//保留Heap_Size的堆空間
__heap_limit ;//標(biāo)號(hào)，代表堆界限地址，后面有用
;PRESERVE8 指令指定當(dāng)前文件保持堆棧八字節(jié)對(duì)齊。 它設(shè)置 PRES8 編譯屬性以通知鏈接器。
;鏈接器檢查要求堆棧八字節(jié)對(duì)齊的任何代碼是否僅由保持堆棧八字節(jié)對(duì)齊的代碼直接或間接地調(diào)用。
PRESERVE8 ;//指示編譯器8字節(jié)對(duì)齊
THUMB ;//指示編譯器以后的指令為THUMB指令
;中斷向量表定義
; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset
AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY ;//定義只讀數(shù)據(jù)段，其實(shí)放在CODE區(qū)，位于0地址
EXPORT __Vectors ;EXPORT：在程序中聲明一個(gè)全局的標(biāo)號(hào)__Vectors，該標(biāo)號(hào)可在其他的文件中引用
EXPORT __Vectors_End
EXPORT __Vectors_Size
__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack ;給__initial_sp分配4字節(jié)32位的地址0x0
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler ; 給標(biāo)號(hào)Reset Handler分配地址為0x00000004
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler ; 給標(biāo)號(hào)NMI Handler分配地址0x00000008
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved ; 這種形式就是保留地址，不給任何標(biāo)號(hào)分配
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler
; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2
DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1 RX0
DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break
DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update
DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare
DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ; ADC3
DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ; FSMC
DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO
DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5
DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3
DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4
DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5
DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ; TIM6
DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7
DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1
DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2
DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3
DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 & Channel5
__Vectors_End
__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors
AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ;代碼段定義
; Reset Handler
;利用PROC、ENDP這一對(duì)偽指令把程序段分為若干個(gè)過(guò)程，使程序的結(jié)構(gòu)加清晰
Reset_Handler PROC ;過(guò)程的開(kāi)始
EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK];[WEAK] 弱定義，意思是如果在別處也定義該標(biāo)號(hào)(函數(shù))，在鏈接時(shí)用別處的地址。
;如果沒(méi)有其它定方定義，編譯器也不報(bào)錯(cuò)，以此處地址進(jìn)行鏈接。
;EXPORT提示編譯器該標(biāo)號(hào)可以為外部文件引用。
IMPORT __main ;通知編譯器要使用的標(biāo)號(hào)在其他文件
IMPORT SystemInit
LDR R0, =SystemInit
BLX R0 ;BX是ARM指令集和THUMB指令集之間程序的跳轉(zhuǎn)
LDR R0, =__main ;使用“=”表示LDR目前是偽指令不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指令。這里是把__main的地址給RO。
BX R0 ;BX是ARM指令集和THUMB指令集之間程序的跳轉(zhuǎn)
ENDP ;過(guò)程的結(jié)束
; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)
NMI_Handler PROC
EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]
B . ;原地跳轉(zhuǎn)(即無(wú)限循環(huán))，
ENDP
HardFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SVC_Handler PROC
EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
PROC
EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
PendSV_Handler PROC
EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK]
B .
ENDP
Default_Handler PROC
EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT ADC3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM6_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK]
EXPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler [WEAK]
WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMPER_IRQHandler
RTC_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler
DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler
ADC1_2_IRQHandler
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTCAlarm_IRQHandler
USBWakeUp_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
ADC3_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler
B .
ENDP
ALIGN ;填充字節(jié)使地址對(duì)齊
;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
;堆和棧的初始化
IF :DEF:__MICROLIB ;“DEF”的用法——:DEF:X 就是說(shuō)X定義了則為真，否則為假
;如果定義了MICORLIB,
EXPORT __initial_sp ;則將棧頂?shù)刂罚?br />
EXPORT __heap_base ;堆起始地址賦予全局屬性，
EXPORT __heap_limit ;堆末端界限地址賦予全局屬性,使外部程序可調(diào)用
ELSE ;如果沒(méi)定義__MICROLIB,則使用默認(rèn)的C運(yùn)行時(shí)庫(kù)
IMPORT __use_two_region_memory ;;通知編譯器要使用的標(biāo)號(hào)在其他文件__use_two_region_memory
EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap ;聲明全局標(biāo)號(hào)__user_initial_stackheap，這樣外程序也可調(diào)用此標(biāo)號(hào)
;則進(jìn)行堆棧和堆的賦值，在__main函數(shù)執(zhí)行過(guò)程中調(diào)用
;如果使用默認(rèn)的C庫(kù),程序啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中就不會(huì)執(zhí)行該標(biāo)號(hào)下的代碼
__user_initial_stackheap ;標(biāo)號(hào)__user_initial_stackheap，表示用戶堆棧初始化程序入口
;//則進(jìn)行堆棧和堆的賦值，在__main函數(shù)執(zhí)行過(guò)程中調(diào)用。
LDR R0, = Heap_Mem ;保存堆始地址
LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) ;保存棧的大小
LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) ;保存堆的大小
LDR R3, = Stack_Mem ;保存棧頂指針
BX LR
ALIGN ;填充字節(jié)使地址對(duì)齊
ENDIF
END
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